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Cloudflare+Docker+Nginx+Halo建站

narcissuskid
发布于 2023-08-05 / 123 阅读 / 0 评论 / 0 点赞

Cloudflare+Docker+Nginx+Halo建站

#vps

前置条件

解决问题

  • 加密Cloudflare CDN服务器到网站服务器

操作步骤

Docker安装

设置存储库

  1. 更新 apt 软件包索引并安装软件包以允许 apt 通过 HTTPS 使用存储库
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg
  1. 添加Docker官方GPG密钥
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
  1. 使用以下命令设置存储库
echo \
  "deb [arch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  "$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
  1. 更新 apt 包索引：
sudo apt-get update

Docker Engine安装

  1. 安装Docker Engine, containerd和Docker Compose
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
  1. 通过运行以下命令验证 Docker Engine安装是否成功
sudo docker run hello-world

Docker compose安装

!!!在ARM机上参照官网安装后运行docker-compose会提示如下报错：

standard_init_linux.go:219: exec user process caused: exec format error

所以我们选用另一种方式安装，步骤如下：

  1. 从git拉取安装文件
git clone https://github.com/ubiquiti/docker-compose-aarch64.git
  1. 进入docker-compose源文件目录
cd docker-compose-aarch64
  1. 配置Dockerfile
vi Dockerfile

注释掉RUN [ "cross-build-start" ]，即在之前加入#后保存退出。 4. 安装docker-compose

docker build . -t docker-compose-aarch64-builder
  1. 运行docker-compose容器
docker run docker-compose-aarch64-builder
  1. 找到生成的“docker-compose”可执行程序
find / -name "docker-compose-Linux-aarch64"

会出现如下类似结果：

/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1d8081e2d4b5958a1eccbaf76e949219c260d89236315b48cf0bfa95e076c1da/diff/build/dockercompose/docker-compose-Linux-aarch64
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1d8081e2d4b5958a1eccbaf76e949219c260d89236315b48cf0bfa95e076c1da/diff/build/docker-compose-Linux-aarch64
/var/lib/docker/volumes/9d6624e6fc53d37221774fed9c64cf1a4ce64319a221e1069c70b4c88df7be40/_data/docker-compose-Linux-aarch64
  1. 选取任意目录创建快捷键
ln -s /var/lib/docker/volumes/9d6624e6fc53d37221774fed9c64cf1a4ce64319a221e1069c70b4c88df7be40/_data/docker-compose-Linux-aarch64  /usr/bin/docker-compose
  1. 验证docker-compose安装成功
/usr/bin/docker-compose --version

返回

docker-compose version 1.22.0, build e20d808e

halo安装

  1. 在系统任意位置创建一个文件夹，此文档以 ~/halo 为例。
mkdir ~/halo && cd ~/halo
  1. 创建Halo + MySQL的实例配置文件docker-compose.yaml
version: "3"

services:
  halo:
    image: halohub/halo:2.8
    container_name: halo
    restart: on-failure:3
    depends_on:
      halodb:
        condition: service_healthy
    networks:
      halo_network:
    volumes:
      - ./:/root/.halo2
    ports:
      - "8090:8090"
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:8090/actuator/health/readiness"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 30s
    command:
      - --spring.r2dbc.url=r2dbc:pool:mysql://halodb:3306/halo
      - --spring.r2dbc.username=root
      # MySQL 的密码，请保证与下方 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 的变量值一致。
      - --spring.r2dbc.password=o#DwN&JSa56
      - --spring.sql.init.platform=mysql
      # 外部访问地址，请根据实际需要修改
      - --halo.external-url=http://localhost:8090/
      # 初始化的超级管理员用户名
      - --halo.security.initializer.superadminusername=admin
      # 初始化的超级管理员密码
      - --halo.security.initializer.superadminpassword=P@88w0rd

  halodb:
    image: mysql:8.0.31
    container_name: halodb
    restart: on-failure:3
    networks:
      halo_network:
    command: 
      - --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
      - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      - --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
      - --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
    volumes:
      - ./mysql:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./mysqlBackup:/data/mysqlBackup
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "127.0.0.1", "--silent"]
      interval: 3s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 30s
    environment:
      # 请修改此密码，并对应修改上方 Halo 服务的 SPRING_R2DBC_PASSWORD 变量值
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=o#DwN&JSa56
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=halo

networks:
  halo_network:
  1. 启动 Halo 服务
docker-compose up -d

Nginx安装

启动一个nginx容器

  1. 拉取 nginx 最新版镜像
docker pull nginx
  1. 后台启动一个容器
docker run -d --name nginx nginx
  1. 根据id进入容器(容器id通过docker ps -a查看)
sudo docker exec -it 容器id /bin/bash
  1. 查看docker中nginx的目录结构
  2. 退出容器，在主机中创建和容器中相同的目录结构
  3. 将容器中nginx的配置文件，将其复制到主机nginx对应文件夹内
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/html/index.html /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
  1. 停止并删除nginx容器
docker container stop nginx
docker container rm nginx

部署nginx容器

  1. 创建docker-compose.yaml文件
version: '3'
services:
  nginx:
    restart: always
    container_name: nginx
    image: nginx
    ports:
      - 80:80
      - 443:443
    volumes:
      - /usr/local/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html
      - /usr/local/nginx/www:/var/www
      - /usr/local/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx
      # 有可能会出现不能挂载，这个时候用手动拷贝配置文件就行
      - /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf/:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - /usr/local/nginx/etc/cert:/etc/nginx/cert
      - /usr/local/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
    environment:
      - NGINX_PORT=80
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    privileged: true
  1. docker-compose 后台启动容器（-d 后台启动）
docker-compose up -d

Cloudflare认证

Nginx配置

  1. 将cloudflare证书cert.pem和私钥key.pem存放到nginx的/usr/local/nginx/etc/cert目录
  2. 下载cloudflare源认证证书，同样存放到存放到nginx的/usr/local/nginx/etc/cert目录
  3. 在/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf/目录中新建网站对应的配置文件(此处以halo.conf为例)
upstream halo {
  server 主机公网IP:8090;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
server_name  域名;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/cert.pem; #此处为容器中的路径
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/key.pem; #此处为容器中的路径
ssl_client_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/cloudflare.crt; #此处为容器中的路径
ssl_verify_client on;
location / {
    proxy_pass http://halo;
    proxy_set_header HOST $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  }
}
  1. 重启nginx
docker-compose restart nginx

Cloudflare面板修改

  1. 设置强制使用https访问
  2. 启用Authenticated Pulls

Done

Reference

  1. https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/#set-up-the-repository
  2. https://www.cnblogs.com/weidaijie/p/16012430.html
  3. https://docs.halo.run/getting-started/install/docker-compose
  4. https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2219498
  5. https://jayshao.com/cloudflare-nginx-ssl/
  6. https://www.qxwa.com/how-to-configure-a-hosted-website-on-linux-hosting-with-cloudflare-and-nginx.html
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